Hollow fire-wall construction



Sept., 2O, y1927'.

M. LIPTAK HOLLOW FIRE WALLv CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 26. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 M/c//AEL L/PTA/f ATTORNEY;

' 1,643 28o Sept ,20 1927' M. LIFTAK- f HOLLOW FIRE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 26. 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 2f zz I J v TTOQNEYJ* l Patented Sept. 20, 1927.

UNITED STATES MICHAEL LIITAK, OF ST. PAL, MINNESOTA.

HOLLOW FIRE-WALL CONSTRUCTION.

application inea November 2e, 192e. serial No. 150,942.

rlhis invention relates to improvements in hollow fire walls and has for its objects to provide a wall comprising replaceable sections, the sections being spaced apart to form continuous chambers lengthwise of the wall;

to provide such a wall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf forming headers with pilasters supporting and supported by said headers and interlock- 1U ingly engaged by their ends with the headers; to provide a hollow fire wall including the headers and pilasters arranged as above mentioned, and further including -re bricks forming the replaceable portion of the wall, V and arranged between and upon the headers, and laid in alternate stretcher and header courses; and to provide a hollow wall including the elements above mentioned and in addition including alternate stretcher and 2o header courses, with portions of the header courses projecting beyond the wall to forln shelves for receiving stretcher courses which actto protect the end portions of the shelf forming headers and corresponding faces of the pilasters.

Features of the invention include the structure of the wall formed by the use 0f shelf forming headers in combination with thc pilasters supporting the headers; the construction of the shelf forming headers and of the pilasters to co-operate for interlocking engagement to prevent movement of the pilasters; the general combinations and subcombinations of these elements as used in the construction of a hollow fire wall; and the construction of the elements per se.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this .specification Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a wall constructed according to the teachings of this invention, and including the Lbuckstay construction set forth in my copending application Serial No. 140,888, filed October 11th, 1926, for fire walls;

Figure 2 is a plan view, with certain of the wall elements removed to illustrate the arrangement of the wall forming elements;

Figurel 3 is a detailed section showing how the buck-stay elements are connected;

Figure 4 is a perspective view with 'portions of the replaceable -wall section removed to show the construction;

Figure 5 is a. plan view, enlarged to show the transverse construction of the wall;

shelf forming header blocks, and means for ksecuring the block to the buck-stay againstv longitudinal movement.;

Figure 7 is a perspective view showing apl -plication of the present invention to the Referring first to Figures l andk 2. In

yconstructing the wall a footingv isl kfirst laid,

which may be of concrete or masonry, and upon the footing are then laid a series of lshelf-forming headers indicated at 5. Each header is provided with projections on opposite sides, the projections being indicated at 10 in Figures 6 and 8.. These projections are arranged on opposite sides and extend inthe saine direction and are arranged to be vertically alinedwhen the header is in shelfforming position. The projections ordinarily extend inwardly from each of the opposite end faces in a direction crosswise of the header. j f Y v. i

I next arrange the pilasters each of which has grooved ends adapted to interlockingly engage the projections of the shelf-forming headers to prevent displacement of the pilasters. The pilasters arerepresented at 15, see Figure 9, and the notches or grooves at 16. The pilasters bridge the joint between adjacent abutting headers, and inner end surfaces of the pilasters and theinner end surfaces of the shelf-forming header tile are substantially cofplanarv as shown. It will be noticed that each ,end of each pilaster is interloekingly engaged with two shelf-forming headers. In the form of invention shown in Figures 1 to G inclusive the pilasters are arranged only at the inner side of the wall. In that form of ythe invention shown in Figures 7 top-9, inclusive, the pilasters are arranged in rows atA each opposite end or at inner and outer sides of the .shelf-forming headers. In any event, one of the important features of the present invention is a provision of superposed rows of shelf-forinu ing headers having pilasters supporting and supported by the headers, in which the ends of the headers are interlockingly engaged.

'The innerer replaceable wall is builtfirst,

Figure 6 is a perspective viewof one of the because the fire clay mortar is thin, and mortar adjustment can best be made in the outer wall to obtain proper levelling `of the headers.

Continuing the description of the building of the wall. is placed the inner replaceable firewall facing is built, and this wall comprises alternatestretcher and header courses, the header courses being indicated at 20, and the bricks thereof having portions lying between the pilasters and vertically between the shelfforming headers and further having portions projecting beyond the wall. The stretcher courses are two bricks deep the inner row 21 of each course extending lengthwise between and having their mem- V bers abutting the pilasters. The `'outer stretcher row 22 of each course is arranged to cover the outer surfaces of the pilasters and shelf-forming headers, and since the shelf-forming headers in this instance are approximately the thickness of two fire bricks, `two courses of fire bricks, 23, are used as a facing for the ends of the headers, and are supported between those headers 20 which lie yrespectively upon the top of and against l the bottom of a givenshelfforming header. `In order to prevent buckling of the wall I use buck-stays 25. An intervening permanent wall section is provided, comprising bricks 26 laid in mortar vertically` between the buck-stays. These bricks are herein laid as stretchers bey tween the superposed rows of shelf-forming headers'.` This portion of the wall is spaced from the replaceable fire brick portion to form the longitudinally extending chambers within the wall. `Itwould be best to have each row of shelf-forming `headers supported by buck-stays but in order to cheapen the wall I have shown a construction where intermediate shelf-forming headers are supported by the masonry courses 26. After `the wall 26 has been built up `upon a row of shelf-forming headers the buck-stayis arranged and its height can be adjusted so that when a course of shelf-forming headers `is arranged upon it, the projecting portions of the headers `will be `at the proper level to engage the depressions 16 of the pilasters to support the inner ends of the headers. I have herein shown a means of connecting the headers to the buck-stays to prevent move- 'ment of the header transversely of the wall, this means being illustrated in my cepending application, above referred to, andl consisting of an opening 30 having a pin 31 therein, the lowerend of the pin being imbedded in mortar' or cementv 32 held in the channel-like buck-stay.` This feature forms no part of the presentinvention. rIhe shelfforming headers also shownv as n being notched at the corner asat 33 is properly set forth in my copending application for build- After the row of pilalsters spaced wall-s.

ing headers, pilasters supportin shelf-forming vbrick headers 35 (see Figures 4 and 5) are interposed to cover the portions of the pilasters` which lie directly above and below the shelf-forming headers.

I claim as my invention: j 1. A lire wall comprisingsuperposed vertically spaced lrows of shelf-forming headers, pilasterssupporting and supported by said headers, and interlockingly engagedl byV `their ends with the headers and tire bricks arranged between and upon the headers to form spaced walls.

2. A lire wall comprising superposed rows of shelf-forming headers, pilasters support-` i ing and supported by the headers, said headers and pilasters having complementary projections and depressions interlockingly `engaged` to prevent `displacement of the pilasters, and lire bricks arranged between and upon the headersto form spaced walls;

`3. A hollow `iire wall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf-forming headers, pilasters supporting said headers and interlockingly engaged by their "ends with the headers to prevent displacement of the pilasters, and iire bricks arranged between and upon `the headers and laid in alternate stretcher and header courses, portions ofthe'header courses projecting beyond the shelf-forming headers.

4. A hollow fire wall comprising superposed rows of shelf-forming headers, onepiece pilasters supportedby and supporting the headers, the ends of the pilastersbridging the joints between adjacent abutting headers, and said headers and pilasters being formed for interlocking engagement at the ends of the pilasters `to prevent displacement of the latter, ,and fire bricks arranged between and upon the headers to form 5. A hollow lire Vwall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf-formg said headers and interlockingly engaged by their ends with the headers to prevent displacement of the pilasters, and tire bricks laid in alternate header and stretcherycourses supported by and lling the space vertically between the headers, certain of `the stretcher courses lying between the pilasters and other stretchercourses lying in a position toprotect the outer faces of the shelf-forming` headers and pilasters.

forense 2 by the headers, and having their outer faces vflush with .the outer faces of the headers, said pilasters being interlockingly engaged vby their ends with the headers to prevent displacement, fire bricks arranged between and upon the headers adjacent their outer sides and laid in alternate stretcher and header courses, portions of lsaid header courses proj ccting beyond the shelf-forming headers, certain of the stretcher courses ly- F ing longitudinally between the pilasters and other stretcher courses arranged to protect the outer faces of the shelf-formingheaders and pilasters. c j

.. 7. A hollow fire wall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf-forining headers, spaced vertically alined series of pilasters supporting and supported by said headers. and interlockingly engaged by their ends with the headers, and lire bricks arranged between and upon the headers to forni spaced walls, one of the walls inclosing the pilasters.

S. A hollow iire wall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf-forming headers, spaced vertically alined series of pilasters supporting and supported by said headers, and interlockingly engaged by their ends with the headers, the ends of each pilaster, bridging` the joint between adjacent headers, and having an interlocking end engaging with each of said adjacent headers, and fire bricks arranged between and upon the -headers to form a wall which incloses the pilasters.

9. A hollow fire wall comprising superposed rows of shelf-forming headers, pilasters supporting and supported by the headers, said headers and pilasters having conipleineutary projections and depressions interlockingly engaged to prevent displacenient of the pilasters, and each end of each pilaster being interlockingly engaged with two headers, and lire bricks arranged between and upon the headers to form a wall partially surrounding the pilasters.

10. A hollow fire wall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf-forming headers, with the joints of all rows ver-1 tically alined with corresponding joints of those above and below, pilasters supporting each header interlockingly engaged by each of its ends with two headers to prevent displacement of the pilasters, and fire bricks arranged between and upon the headers adjacent their outer sides and laid in alternate stretcher and header courses, portions of the header courses projecting ,beyond the shelf-forming headers at theouter side of the wall.

11. A hollow partition wall comprising superposed rows of 'shelf-forming headers,

vone-piece pilasters supported by' and supporting the4 headers, the ends of the pilasters bridging'adjacentabutting headers, and said headers and pilastersbeing formed for interlocking engagement at the ends of the pilasters to prevent displacement, said pilasters being arranged at inner and outer sides of the wall, and spaced longitudinally and `transversely thereof, and fire bricks arranged between and upon the headers to form walls protecting the pilasters.

' 12. A hollow fire wall comprising superposed vertically spaced rows of shelf-form-l ing headers, pilasters supporting said headers spaced longitudinally, and interlockingly engaged by their ends with the headers to prevent displacement of the pilasters, and fire bricks forming a replaceable portion of the wall, laid inv alternate header and stretcher courses supported by and filling the space verticallybetween the shelf-forining headers, certain of the stretcher courses lying between the pilasters and other stretcher courses lying in a position to protect the. outer faces of the shelf-forming headers and pilasters.

13.' A hollow fire wall comprising superposed rows of shelf-forming headers, pilasters between the headers and spaced crosswise thereof to support the headers and having their outer faces flush with the outer faces of the lie-aders, said pilasters being iiiterlockingly engaged by their ends with the headers to prevent displacement transversely of the wall, fire bricks arranged between and upon the headers adjacent their outer` sides and laid in alternate stretcher yand header courses, portions of said header courses projecting, beyond the shelf-forming headers, certain of the stretcher courses lying between the pilasters and other stretcher courses covering the outer faces of pilasters and shelf-forming headers.

141. A shelf-forming header having pairs of projections on opposite sides extending in the same direction arranged to'be vertically aligned when the header is arranged as a shelf.

15. A shelf-forming header having projections on opposite sides extending in the same direction arranged to be vertically aligned wlien the header is arranged as a shelf, said projections extending inwardly from each of opposite end faces in a direction crosswise of a header.

16. A pilaster having grooves in each upper and lower face, the grooves extending in the same direction.

17. A hollow fire wall comprising a pering members, and pilasters extending between the headers at the inner sides of the headers, said pilasters having interlocking connection with said headers, and lying across the joints between adjacent headers, and lire bricks arranged between and upon the headers to form spaced walls.

`18. A hollow lire wall comprising a permanent portion composed of longitudinally arranged metallic i reinforcing Amembers, shelf-forming headers upon said reinforcing member, pilasters extending between the headers at the inner sides of the headers, said pilasters havinginterlocking connection with said headers across the joints between adjacent headers, and fire bricks arranged between and Vupon the headers and laid in alternate stretcher and header courses, certain of the stretcher courses lying between the pilasters and certain other stretcher courses lying in a position to protect the outer `faces of the `shelf-forming headers and pilasters.`

,179. A hollow fire wall comprising a permanent portion composed orlongitudinally arranged metallic reinforcing members, shelf-forming headers upon said reinforcing; member, pilasters extending between the headers at the inner sides of thev headers, said pilasters having interlocking connection with said'headers across the joints between adjacent headers, the inner vertical faces of pilasters and headers being substantially co-planar, and lire bricks arranged between and upon the headers and laid in alternate stretcher and header courses, certain of the stretcher courses lying between the pilasters and certain other stretcher courses lying in a position to protect the outer faces of the shelf-forming headers and pilas'ters.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 24th day of November 1926.

MICHAEL LIPTAK. 

